Multiple Choice
Identify the
letter of the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question. Please use UPPER CASE
letters for your answer.
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1.
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The
distance traveled by an object divided by the time it takes to travel that distance is
called a. | average
velocity. | c. | average
acceleration. | b. | average speed. | d. | activity. | | | | |
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2.
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In
order to determine speed, you must know a. | time. | c. | both a and b. | b. | distance. | d. | neither a nor
b. | | | | |
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3.
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What
is the speed of an object at rest? a. | 15 km/h | b. | 0
km/h | c. | 1
km/h | d. | This cannot be
determined without further information. | | |
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4.
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The
difference between speed and velocity is that velocity includes a. | direction. | c. | time. | b. | distance. | d. | weight. | | | | |
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5.
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An
airplane is flying at 635 km per hour at an altitude of 35 000 m. It is currently over Kansas and is
approximately 16 minutes ahead of its scheduled arrival time. What is its velocity? a. | 635
km/h | b. | 16
m/min | c. | 35 000 m/s | d. | This cannot be
determined without further information about its direction. | | |
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6.
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Which
of the following does not indicate velocity? a. | 14 m/s
SSE | b. | 40 km/h toward
the town square along the main street | c. | 80 km/h going from New York toward New
Jersey | d. | 28 km from Los Angeles to Catalina
Island | | |
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7.
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Which
of the following is not a factor in calculating momentum? a. | mass | c. | acceleration | b. | direction | d. | speed | | | | |
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8.
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If
you divide momentum by velocity, the result is the value of the object’s a. | mass. | c. | energy. | b. | direction. | d. | speed. | | | | |
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9.
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Whenever an object is standing still, the value(s) that is/are always zero
is/are a. | speed. | c. | momentum. | b. | velocity. | d. | all of the above. | | | | |
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10.
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A
10.0 kg dog chasing a rabbit north at 6.0 m/s has a momentum of a. | 0.6
kg•m/s. | c. | 60.0
m/s. | b. | 60.0 kg•m/s
north. | d. | 60.0
kg/s. | | | | |
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11.
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If
you are given the mass of an object in pounds, the time in seconds, and the distance in feet, what
must you do before you can calculate the momentum in SI units? a. | convert the mass
to kilograms | b. | convert the distance to meters | c. | convert the time
to hours | d. | all of the above | e. | only a and b
above | | |
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12.
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Acceleration is defined as the change in velocity divided by a. | speed. | c. | time. | b. | final velocity. | d. | distance. | | | | |
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13.
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The
SI unit for acceleration is a. | mph. | c. | m/s2. | b. | ft/sec2. | d. | Dv ¸ t. | | | | |
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14.
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On a
velocity-time graph, a line with a negative slope indicates that the object is a. | speeding
up. | c. | accelerating. | b. | slowing down. | d. | traveling at a constant speed. | | | | |
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15.
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When
the velocity of an object changes, it is acted upon by a(n) a. | force. | c. | momentum. | b. | inertia. | d. | deceleration. | | | | |
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16.
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The
combination of all of the forces acting on an object is called the a. | total
force. | c. | super
force. | b. | union of forces. | d. | net force. | | | | |
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17.
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If
the net force acting on a stationary object is zero, then the object will a. | accelerate in
the direction of the strongest force. | b. | remain at rest. | c. | begin moving
backwards. | d. | decelerate at a steady rate of speed. | | |
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18.
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If
the net force on an object is zero then the object has a. | reaction
forces. | c. | balanced
forces. | b. | action forces. | d. | unbalanced forces. | | | | |
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19.
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A
tug-of-war that results in one team pulling the other across the line is an example
of a. | action
forces. | c. | balanced
forces. | b. | reaction forces. | d. | unbalanced forces. | | | | |
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20.
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Which
of the following best illustrates balanced forces? a. | a rock falling
to the ground | b. | a stretched rubber band being held between two
hands | c. | a person lifting a heavy box off of the
ground | d. | a crash between a large truck and a
train | | |
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21.
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Friction is defined as a. | force that opposes motion between two surfaces that are
touching. | b. | rate at which velocity changes. | c. | resistance of an
object to a change in its velocity. | d. | speed of an object in a particular
direction. | | |
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22.
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A
force is continuously applied to an object, causing it to accelerate. After a period of time,
however, the object stops accelerating. What conclusions can be drawn? a. | The mass of the
object has increased. | b. | Gravity on the object has increased. | c. | The object is
experiencing some kind of friction. | d. | The momentum of the object has reached a
maximum. | | |
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23.
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Which
of the following situations best demonstrates the effects of friction? a. | a parachutist
descending to the ground | c. | an apple falling
from a tree | b. | a loaded slingshot | d. | two trucks colliding | | | | |
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24.
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Which
of the following statements is true? a. | Frictional forces are greatest when both surfaces are
rough. | b. | When a truck is parked on a hill, friction is the force that is
trying to pull the truck down the hill. | c. | Air resistance is the opposite force from
friction. | d. | Friction can exist between two objects even when they are not
in contact. | | |
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25.
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Weight is best described as a. | an object’s resistance to
acceleration. | b. | what causes an object to fall. | c. | the downward
force exerted on objects due to gravity. | d. | a force solely dependent on an object’s
mass. | | |
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26.
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When
objects are moved further apart from each other, the force of gravity a. | increases. | c. | decreases. | b. | stays the same. | d. | decreases at first and then
increases. | | | | |
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27.
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Of
the following, the greatest gravitational force would occur between a. | a marble and a
baseball 5 meters apart. | b. | a loaded freighter on the high seas and
Earth. | c. | the moon and an astronaut standing on the
moon. | d. | the moon and Earth. | | |
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28.
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The
law that states that every object maintains constant velocity unless acted on by an unbalanced force
is a. | Newton’s
first law of motion. | c. | Newton’s
third law of motion. | b. | Newton’s second law of
motion. | d. | the law of
conservation of momentum. | | | | |
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29.
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The
law that states that for every action force there is an equal and opposite reaction force
is a. | Newton’s
first law of motion. | c. | Newton’s
third law of motion. | b. | Newton’s second law of
motion. | d. | the law of
conservation of momentum. | | | | |
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30.
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The
law that states that the unbalanced force acting on an object equals the object’s mass times its
acceleration is a. | Newton’s
first law of motion. | c. | Newton’s
third law of motion. | b. | Newton’s second law of
motion. | d. | the law of
conservation of momentum. | | | | |
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31.
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The
SI unit of force, named for the scientist who described the relationship between motion and force, is
called the a. | newton. | c. | curie. | b. | einstein. | d. | pasteur. | | | | |
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32.
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One
pound is equal to how many newtons? a. | 4.448 N | c. | 0.225 N | b. | 2.2
N | d. | 12.5
N | | | | |
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33.
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Which
of the following units is used to measure acceleration in free fall?
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34.
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Which
of the following equations is correct? a. | w = mg | c. | w ¹ mg | b. | w ³ mg | d. | w » mg | | | | |
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35.
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Which
of the following is true? a. | Weight and mass are proportional but not
equal. | b. | Weight is the gravitational force an object experiences due to
its mass. | c. | The weight of an object on Earth is greater than the weight of
the same object on the surface of the moon, but the object's mass stays the
same. | d. | all of the above. | | |
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36.
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When
air resistance balances the weight of an object that is falling, the velocity a. | slowly
decreases. | c. | rapidly
increases. | b. | remains constant. | d. | none of the above. | | | | |
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37.
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What
is the approximate terminal velocity of a sky diver before the parachute opens? a. | 32
mi/h | c. | 320
mi/h | b. | 32
km/h | d. | 320
km/h | | | | |
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Completion
Complete each sentence or
statement.
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38.
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Velocity describes both speed and ____________________.
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39.
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Mass
times velocity equals ____________________.
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40.
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According to Newton’s second law of motion, force is the product of
____________________ and ____________________.
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41.
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Because the speed of an object can change from one instant to the next, dividing the
distance covered by the time of travel gives ____________________.
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Short Answer
Complete the questions below by writing the correct
answer. Please write legibly. If you do not know the answer to a question, do not guess. In this
short answer section (32 questions), select five questions that you know the answer to. Leave
the others blank. If you answer more than five, I will grade the first five.
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42.
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When
an object is seen moving against a stationary background, what is the stationary background
called?
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43.
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If an
object traveling in one direction has a positive velocity, what kind of velocity would the same
object traveling in the opposite direction have?
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44.
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Which
has greater momentum, a small pick-up truck traveling at 55 km/h or a full-sized bus traveling at the
same speed?
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45.
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A
large truck loaded with scrap steel weighs 14 metric tons and is traveling north on the interstate
heading for Chicago. It has been averaging 48 hm/h for the journey and has traveled over 1450 km so
far. It has just stopped to refuel. What is its current momentum?
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46.
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If
two objects with different masses and traveling with different velocities collide, what law allows
you to predict the motion of the objects after the collision?
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47.
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A
small sports car traveling south collides with a heavy truck traveling north. Both vehicles are going
at the same speed. Which will be moved off course by the collision and in which
direction?
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48.
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If
two vehicles collide, name at least one outside force that will come into effect immediately after
the impact and cause the objects to eventually come to a stop.
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49.
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Define acceleration.
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50.
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In
your own words, explain the similarities and differences between velocity and
acceleration.
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51.
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Explain why a cyclist accelerates when turning a corner even if her speed doesn’t
change.
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52.
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During a race, a sprinter increases from 5.0 m/s to 7.5 m/s over a period of 1.25 s.
What is the sprinter’s average acceleration during this period?
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53.
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Two
archers shoot identical arrows at a target from exactly opposite directions. Use your knowledge of
net forces to describe the movement of the target.
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54.
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Distinguish between balanced forces and unbalanced forces.
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55.
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What
will the result be if two equal forces act on a single object from different directions that are not
exactly opposite?
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56.
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Why
is it easier to push a crate over a smooth concrete sidewalk than over grass?
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57.
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You
are pushing a heavy crate across a cement floor when you hit a section of flooring covered with
smooth steel plates. Suddenly it is somewhat easier to push the crate. Why?
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58.
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List
two situations in which friction is helpful or necessary.
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59.
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State
Newton's first law.
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60.
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State
Newton's second law.
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61.
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Express the following as an equation: One newton is the force that can give an object
with a mass of 1 kg an acceleration of 1 m/s2.
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62.
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Rearrange the equation for Newton’s second law of motion to define acceleration
in terms of force and mass.
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63.
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What
is free fall?
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64.
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Where
is the free fall acceleration of an object under Earth’s gravity directed?
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65.
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What
is the value for the acceleration of objects in free fall near Earth?
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66.
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In
the absence of air resistance, how would the acceleration of a 1.5 kg book and the acceleration of a
15 kg rock differ if the objects were dropped from the same height?
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67.
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Does
the direction of an object falling toward Earth differ from the direction of an object falling
through water on Earth? Why or why not?
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68.
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What
is the difference between mass and weight?
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69.
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How
does gravity influence the shapes of living things?
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70.
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Define terminal velocity.
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71.
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How
would the terminal velocity of an object falling toward Earth differ from the terminal velocity of
the same object falling through water and why?
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72.
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Why
does it require less fuel to accelerate a rocket in outer space than in Earth’s
atmosphere?
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73.
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What
is the velocity of an object called when gravitational forces and air resistance equalize on an
object that is falling toward Earth and the object stops accelerating?
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Problem
Use the following equations to solve the problems
below. Make sure to list the formula used, insert the numbers WITH units, cancel any units, use sig
figs and box your final answer. You may use the back of this sheet for scratch paper, but make sure
your answer is on this side of the paper. Write your initials on the bottom right-hand corner of this
page. Good luck and have fun!
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74.
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A car
travels 1,534 miles in 56.4 hours. What was the car's average speed?
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75.
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A man
drops a penny from the a tall building. If the penny hits the ground 4.8 s later, what was the speed
of the penny when it hit the ground? (Assume no air resistance).
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76.
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A
train with a mass of 27,000 kg is traveling on a curved track heading west when it encounters a
strong west wind. The wind blows a tumbleweed in front of the train. The train runs over the
tumbleweed (with a mass of .5 kg) and continues on towards the west. If the train is traveling at a
velocity of 27 m/s west, what is the train's momentum?
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77.
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A car
traveling at 27 miles/hr slams on the brakes and comes to a stop 4.33 seconds later. What was the
car's acceleration (ignore direction).
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78.
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A
slug was sliming along a sidewalk at a speed of 6.6cm/hr. The slug knew if it didn't get to the wet
grass, it would dry up into a crunchy little ball. If it took the slug .76 hours to get to the grass,
how far did the slug travel?
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79.
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Calculate the value of gravity (g) on the moon if a dropped object goes from 0.0 m/s
to 10.0 m/s in 6.5s.
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80.
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Joe
Racer has a car that can accelerate at 7.55m/s2. How long would it take Joe to accelerate
to 56 m/s at the start of the race?
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81.
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How
much Force would be required to accelerate a 45,400 kg elephant at 4.4m/s2?
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82.
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How
much would you weigh on Earth if your mass was 212 kg?
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83.
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If
the acceleration due to gravity on Mars is 4.9 m/s2, what would the mass of the object be
if its weight is 35kg?
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